According to the Geological Survey of India, the limestone shoals and sandbanks of Ram Setu were most likely formed due to sedimentation and erosion caused by natural forces such as waves, currents, and tides.
The average depth of the water in the area is around 3 to 30 meters, which makes it shallow enough for sandbanks and shoals to form.
The existence of Ram Setu has been documented in ancient Indian texts such as the Ramayana, which describes how Lord Rama built a bridge across the sea to reach Sri Lanka.
Some experts believe that Ram Setu was once a land bridge that connected India and Sri Lanka, and that it was submerged by rising sea levels during the last Ice Age.
Studies have shown that the limestone shoals of Ram Setu contain a unique assemblage of marine organisms that are found only in this region
The area around Ram Setu is also home to a number of important marine habitats, including coral reefs, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests.
The Indian government has proposed a project to build a shipping canal that would cut through Ram Setu, but this proposal has been met with opposition from environmentalists and religious groups who consider Ram Setu to be a sacred site.